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HindiPaper I
| Standard : Degree | Total Marks : 200 |
| Nature of Paper : Conventional Type | Duration : 3 Hours |
| Note : | 1) | Answers to this paper must be written in English only |
| 2) | This paper will test the candidate's ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub- topics mentioned below. | |
| 3) | It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub- topics mentioned below. |
| Section - A ( Marks : 50 ) | |||
| Non-Chordata | |||
| 1) | Concept of species and speciation | ||
| 2) | Characteristics of the subkingdoms-Protozoa, Parazoa and Metazoa. | ||
| 3) | Evolution of symmetry, segmentation and coelom in Metazoa. | ||
| 4) | Protozoa : | ||
| .01) | Locomotion in Protozoa. | ||
| .02) | Reproduction in Protozoa. | ||
| .03) | Life cycle of Leishmania. | ||
| .04) | Life cycle of Plasmodium. | ||
| .05) | Life cycle of Paramoecium. | ||
| .06) | Parasitic protozoans and diseases. | ||
| 5) | Porifera : | ||
| .01) | Canal Systems. | ||
| .02) | Skeleton. | ||
| 6) | Coelenterata : | ||
| .01) | Structure and life history of Obelia, Metagenesis. | ||
| .02) | Polymorphism in Coelenterates. | ||
| .03) | Coral reefs and their significance. | ||
| 7) | Platyhelminthes and Aschelminthes : | ||
| .01) | Life Cycle of Fasciola hepatica. | ||
| .02) | Life Cycle of Taenia solium. | ||
| .03) | Life Cycle of Ascaris. | ||
| .04) | Parasitic adaptations. | ||
| .05) | Pathology and control of helminths - infecting man. | ||
| 8) | Annelida : | ||
| .01) | Earthworm - Feeding and digestion, circulatory system, excretory system. | ||
| .02) | Coelom and coelomoducts in annelids. | ||
| .03) | Filter feeding. | ||
| 9) | Arthropoda : | ||
| .01) | Salient features and phylogeny of Onychophora. | ||
| .02) | Crustacean larvae. | ||
| .03) | Mouth parts in insects (cockroach, mosquito, honey bee and butterfly). | ||
| .04) | Metamorphosis in insects. | ||
| .05) | Social life in termites and honey bees. | ||
| 10) | Mollusca : | ||
| .01) | Salient features and phylogeny of Monoplacophora. | ||
| .02) | Torsion and detortion in Gastropoda. | ||
| .03) | Respiration in various groups of Mollusca. | ||
| 11) | Echinodermata : | ||
| .01) | Water canal system in Echinodermata. | ||
| .02) | Echinoderm larvae and their phylogenetic significance. | ||
| .03) | Mechanism of locomotion and feeding in starfish, Asterias. | ||
| Section - B ( Marks : 50 ) | |||
| Chordata | |||
| 12) | Protochordata : | ||
| .01) | Structural organisation and affinities of Balanoglossus. | ||
| .02) | Retrogressive metamorphosis in Urochordata. | ||
| .03) | Feeding mechanism in Amphioxus. | ||
| 13) | Pisces : | ||
| .01) | Migration in fishes. | ||
| .02) | Respiratory organs and mechanism of respiration in fishes. | ||
| .03) | Receptor and effector organs in fishes. | ||
| 14) | Amphibia : | ||
| .01) | Origin of Amphibia. | ||
| .02) | Parental care in Amphibia. | ||
| .03) | Anatomical pecularities and affinities of Urodela, Apoda and Anura. | ||
| .04) | Neoteny. | ||
| .05) | Morphological and physiological aspects of Metamorphosis in frog. | ||
| .06) | Hibernation and Aestivation in amphibians. | ||
| 15) | Reptilia : | ||
| .01) | Adaptive radiation in reptiles, Mesozoic reptiles, general characters and affinities of Sphenedon. | ||
| .02) | Significance of temporal vacuities in classification of reptiles. | ||
| .03) | Non-poisonous and poisonous snakes of India. | ||
| .04) | General characters, aquatic adaptations and conservation of Chelonia. | ||
| 16) | Aves : | ||
| .01) | Origin of birds. | ||
| .02) | Flightless birds of world. | ||
| .03) | Palate in birds. | ||
| .04) | Bird migration. | ||
| .05) | Flight adaptations in birds. | ||
| .06) | Orientation and homing in birds. | ||
| 17) | Mammals : | ||
| .01) | Dentition in mammals. | ||
| .02) | Integument and its derivatives in mammals. | ||
| .03) | General characters of Prototheria, Metatheria and Eutheria. | ||
| .04) | General Evolution of horse and man. | ||
| .05) | Comparative account of aortic arches, urinogenital system, heart and brain in various groups of Chordata. | ||
| Section - C ( Marks : 50 ) | |||
| Physiology | |||
| 18) | Osmoregulation & Thermoregulation : | ||
| .01) | Osmoregulation in freshwater and marine fishes. | ||
| .02) | Osmoregulation in terrestrial animals. | ||
| .03) | Poikilothermy and homeothermy. | ||
| 19) | Physiology of digestion. | ||
| 20) | Physiology of respiration, respiratory pigments. | ||
| 21) | Cardiac cycle, pace maker and blood composition and functions. | ||
| 22) | Physiology of excretion. | ||
| 23) | Eye and its working. | ||
| 24) | Ear and its working. | ||
| 25) | Structure and functions of following Endocrine glands : | ||
| .01) | Hypothalamus. | ||
| .02) | Pituitary gland. | ||
| .03) | Thyroid. | ||
| .04) | Parathyroid. | ||
| .05) | Islets of Langerhans. | ||
| .06) | Adrenal. | ||
| .07) | Pineal. | ||
| 26) | Chemical nature, source and mode of action of aminergic, petidergic and steroidal hormones. | ||
| 27) | Hormonal control of reproduction in male and female mammals. | ||
| 28) | Mechanism of impulse conduction and synaptic transmission, Neurotransmitters. | ||
| 29) | Physiology of muscle contraction. | ||
| Section - D ( Marks : 50 ) | |||
| Environmental Science | |||
| 30) | Role of abiotic factors (temperature and light) on animal life. | ||
| 31) | Impact of inter and intraspecific biotic factors. | ||
| 32) | Types of ecosystems. | ||
| 33) | Energy flow and food chain at trophic levels. | ||
| 34) | Biogeochemical cycles. | ||
| 35) | .01) | Biosphere | |
| .02) | Impact of ozone layer | ||
| .03) | Greenhouse Effect. | ||
| 36) | Methods and importance of water conservation, water quality standards and interlinking of rivers in India. | ||
| 37) | Adaptations : | ||
| .01) | in freshwater animals. | ||
| .02) | in desert animals. | ||
| .03) | in marine animals. | ||
| .04) | in terrestrial animals. | ||
| 38) | Pollution : | ||
| .01) | Air pollution. | ||
| .02) | Water pollution. | ||
| .03) | Land pollution. | ||
| .04) | Biodegradation, biotransformation and biomagnification of pollutants. | ||
| .05) | Trace metals as pollutants. | ||
| .06) | Municipal solid waste disposal. | ||
| .07) | Pesticides as pollutants and their toxic effects on plants, animals and soil. | ||
| 39) | Wild Life : | ||
| .01) | Present status of wild life in India. | ||
| .02) | Sanctuaries and National Parks in Maharashtra. | ||
| .03) | Project Tiger and conservation of tigers. | ||
| .04) | Red Data Book, Endangered and Biome Restricted Species. | ||
| 40) | Ethology : | ||
| .01) | Diurnal and seasonal rhythms. | ||
| .02) | Biological clock. | ||
| .03) | Impact of hormones and pheromones on behaviour. | ||
| .04) | Modes of communication in animals. | ||
| .05) | Physiology of learning in animals. | ||
| Standard : Degree | Total Marks : 200 |
| Nature of Paper : Conventional Type | Duration : 3 Hours |
| Note : | 1) | Answers to this paper must be written in English only |
| 2) | This paper will test the candidate's ability to comprehend, to analyse, to interpret, to criticise and to appraise subject matter related to the topics/sub- topics mentioned below. | |
| 3) | It is expected from candidates to study the latest and recent developments and happenings pertaining to the topics/sub- topics mentioned below. |
| Section - A( Marks : 50 ) | ||
| Cell Biology | ||
| 1) | Structure and functions of cell organelles : | |
| .01) | Plasma membrane. | |
| .02) | Mitochondria. | |
| .03) | Golgibodies. | |
| .04) | Endoplasmic reticulum. | |
| .05) | Ribosomes. | |
| .06) | Nucleus. | |
| .07) | Cytoskeleton. | |
| 2) | Cell division : | |
| .01) | Mitosis. | |
| .02) | Meiosis. | |
| .03) | Cell cycle events at molecular level. | |
| .04) | Apoptosis. | |
| 3) | Chromosome - structure and function,Lampbrush and Polytene chromosomes. | |
| 4) | DNA structure and function : | |
| .01) | Watson - Crick model of DNA . | |
| .02) | Replication of DNA in Eukaryotes andProkaryotes. | |
| .03) | Types of DNA and RNA . | |
| .04) | Mitochondrial DNA . | |
| 5) | Genetic code. | |
| 6) | Gene transcription and translation. | |
| Section - B( Marks : 50 ) | ||
| Genetics and Molecular Biology | ||
| 7) | Genetics : | |
| .01) | Mendel’s Laws of inheritance. | |
| .02) | Crossing over, linkage, multiplealleles. | |
| .03) | Polyploidy. | |
| .04) | Mutations (gene and chromosomal). | |
| .05) | Genetic significance of blood groups. | |
| .06) | Genetic disorders in man, syndromes. | |
| 8) | Molecular Biology and Biotechnology : | |
| .01) | Eugenics. | |
| .02) | Cloning techniques, cloning vectors. | |
| .03) | Cell line preparation. | |
| .04) | Types and application of stem cells. | |
| .05) | Haemopoietic system. | |
| .06) | Applications of cloning technology inmedical and veterinary sciences. | |
| .07) | Human Genome. | |
| .08) | DNA finger printing. | |
| .09) | Transgenic animals. | |
| .10) | PCR, Southern and Western blotting,SDS-PAGE. | |
| 9) | Bioinformatics : | |
| .01) | Introduction to Bioinformatics. | |
| .02) | Bioinformatics tools/ Softwares. | |
| .03) | Protein sequence databases. | |
| .04) | Genome databases. | |
| .05) | Phylogenetic analysis. | |
| .06) | Bioinformatics and Pharmaceuticalindustry. | |
| .07) | National Centre for BiologicalInformation. | |
| Section - C( Marks : 50 ) | ||
| Biochemistry and Immunology | ||
| 10) | Biochemistry : | |
| .01) | Structure of carbohydrates, lipids,amino acids, proteins, saturated and unsaturated fatty acids, cholesterol andsteroids. | |
| .02) | Energy reactions - Glycolysis, Krebs’cycle, Electron transfer chain, Oxidative phosphorylation. | |
| .03) | Nature of enzymes, Mechanism of enzymereactions. | |
| .04) | Vitamins : types, sources andfunctions. | |
| 11) | Immunology : | |
| .01) | Immunoglobulins and Immunity, antigenicand antibody vaccines, DNA vaccines and edible vaccines. | |
| .02) | Monoclonal antibodies. | |
| .03) | Cellular and humoral immune reactions. | |
| .04) | Innate and Adaptive immunity. | |
| .05) | AIDS, causes and remedies. | |
| .06) | ELISA. | |
| Section -D ( Marks : 50 ) | ||
| DevelopmentalBiology | ||
| 12) | Gamete Biology : | |
| .01) | Mechanism of spermatogenesis, oogenesis,vitellogenesis and egg membrane formation. | |
| .02) | Molecular mechanism of Fertilization,acrosome reaction and sperm penetration, In-vitro fertilization, spermpreservation. | |
| .03) | Parthenogenesis - causes, mechanism andsignificance. | |
| .04) | Types of eggs. | |
| 13) | Embryology : | |
| .01) | Types of cleavages. | |
| .02) | Types and mechanism of gastrulation. | |
| .03) | Foetal Membranes and their functions. | |
| .04) | Formation, types and functions ofPlacenta. | |
| .05) | Organizer concept and embryonicinduction . | |
| .06) | Mechanism of regeneration. | |
| 14) | IVF : | |
| .01) | Embryo transfer techniques, GIFT, Testtube baby. | |
| .02) | Male and female contraceptives andpopulation control. | |
| .03) | Immunocontraception. | |
| 15) | Development : | |
| .01) | Organogenesis of nervous system, eye, heartand kidney in frog. | |
| .02) | Teratogenesis in man. | |
| .03) | Aging in man. | |
| 16) | Economic Zoology : | |
| .01) | Vermiculture. | |
| .02) | Prawn Culture. | |
| .03) | Sericulture. | |
| .04) | Apiculture. | |
| .05) | Lac culture. | |
| .06) | Pearl culture. | |
| .07) | Fish culture (Freshwater and marine). | |
| .08) | Poultry. | |
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